Although China's automotive industry has achieved remarkable progress, the fundamental issue of heavy reliance on foreign brands and technologies remains unresolved. This dependency is evident in various aspects, including intellectual property, where Chinese enterprises still lag significantly behind their international counterparts. According to data from the State Intellectual Property Office of China, between 1985 and 2005, foreign companies filed approximately 11.2 times more invention patent applications than domestic firms. These patents are typically concentrated in critical areas such as onboard safety systems, engine design, and electrical control technologies, while Chinese companies focus more on less strategic fields like vehicle transmission and specialized transportation solutions. In overseas markets, Chinese automakers have made minimal efforts in patent deployment. For example, major Chinese brands like Chery, Geely, and Chang’an have not obtained any authorized patents in the U.S., the world’s largest auto market. In contrast, Toyota alone has over 10,000 patents registered in the U.S. This gap highlights the urgent need for China’s automotive industry to break through in key technological areas to build strong domestic brands and enhance technological independence. Currently, the 863 Project has initiated bidding in six major technological areas. With ongoing research and development, China is well-positioned to achieve significant breakthroughs in these fields, helping domestic companies overcome intellectual property barriers and drive the overall growth of the automotive sector. One of the key areas under the 863 Project is the development of advanced integrated car technology. Research here focuses on chassis matching, collision safety, and noise (NVH) control. Over the past three years, about 1,200 service invention patent applications were published in this field, with over 60% coming from foreign entities. Domestic companies account for around 34%, while the rest are from research institutions. For instance, patent No. 200510061026.8 describes a computer-aided method for car chassis layout. Another, No. 200410104005.5, relates to a vehicle chassis dynamometer system that includes signal conditioning modules, data acquisition cards, and industrial control computers. These innovations reflect the technical depth being explored in China. Noise reduction technology is another critical area. Patent No. 200610054365.8 outlines an automotive muffler with multiple chambers and micro-holes designed to reduce low-frequency noise. Similarly, No. 200510043862.3 presents a muffler capable of eliminating noise across a wide frequency range. Safety technology also plays a vital role. Patent No. 200510101159.3 introduces an explosion-proof safety valve for dual-fuel vehicles, while No. 200580031820.6 discusses a reinforcing member for front bumpers. These developments aim to improve vehicle safety and reliability. Shock absorption technology is another focus area. Patent No. 200580030393.X details a shock strut cap that enhances body structure strength and collision resistance. Other patents address side impact protection, parking shock limits, and lidar-based anti-collision systems. Beyond passenger cars, the 863 Project also supports the development of advanced technologies for heavy commercial vehicles. This includes chassis integration, aerodynamic cab designs, and noise reduction techniques. Most patents in this area come from domestic companies, though foreign applications from Japan and Europe are also notable. In the realm of direct-injection gasoline engines (GDI), research centers on combustion optimization, electronic control systems, and emissions reduction. While most patents come from Japan, Germany, and the U.S., Chinese enterprises are beginning to make small but meaningful contributions. The development of dual-clutch automatic transmissions (DCT) is another key area. Although patents are mainly held by foreign companies, recent efforts by Chinese firms show promising signs of growth. Technologies include electric shift actuators, fault diagnosis systems, and wireless diagnostic tools. For diesel engines used in heavy commercial vehicles, research focuses on complete machine development, electronic control systems, and post-processing technologies. Though most patents are still from foreign companies, domestic innovation is gradually increasing. The Advanced Mechanical Transmission (AMT) project addresses software and hardware development, intelligent shifting, and fault diagnosis. While foreign patents dominate, domestic efforts are growing, particularly in alloy materials and shifting mechanisms. In addition to the six main research directions, the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” also emphasizes statistical measurement of road spectra and the development of automotive standards and strategies. Many patent documents have been published in related areas, offering valuable insights for future projects. Overall, the 863 Project represents a significant step forward in China’s quest for technological self-reliance in the automotive sector. With continued investment and innovation, the country is well on its way to building a stronger, more competitive automotive industry.

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