(1) Spherical roller bearings were commonly used in the early design of rolling mill bearings, with two sets of bearings mounted side by side on the same roll neck. This setup was sufficient for the production conditions at the time and allowed rolling speeds up to 600 rpm. However, as rolling speeds increased, several disadvantages became more apparent. These included shorter bearing life, higher maintenance costs, reduced product precision, significant wear on the roll neck, and greater roll misalignment. As a result, this configuration gradually fell out of favor as technology advanced.
(2) The four-row cylindrical roller bearing combined with a thrust bearing is currently one of the most widely used configurations in modern rolling mills. The cylindrical roller bearing has a tight fit with the roll neck and is capable of handling high radial loads. It offers advantages such as high load capacity, high-speed performance, high precision, and easy disassembly due to separable inner and outer rings. The thrust bearing, which can be selected based on the specific requirements of the mill, helps manage axial forces. At heavy loads and low speeds, a thrust roller bearing is typically used, while angular contact ball bearings are preferred for high-speed applications. These bearings not only improve speed limits but also help control axial play during operation, ensuring better alignment and stability. This configuration provides long service life, high reliability, and precise control over the final product, making it ideal for use in wire rod mills, sheet mills, foil mills, and both cold and hot rolling mills.
(3) Four-row tapered roller bearings are another common choice in rolling mill designs. These bearings can handle both radial and axial loads, eliminating the need for separate thrust bearings and allowing for a more compact mainframe structure. The inner diameter of the tapered roller bearing is usually loosely fitted to the roll neck, making installation and removal easier. However, this loose fit can sometimes lead to sliding or creep, so the inner diameter is often grooved with spiral oil channels to prevent this issue. This configuration is still widely used, especially in four-high hot and cold rolling mills, as well as in applications like blanking machines and steel beam rolling mills.
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