A Starter Solenoid (OR STARTER RELAY) IS THE PART OF AN AUTOMOBILE WHICH SWITCHES A LARGE ELECTRIC CURRENT TO THE Starter Motor, IN RESPONSE TO A SMALL CONTROL CURRENT, AND WHICH IN TURN SETS THE ENGINE IN MOTION. ITS FUNCTION IS THUS IDENTICAL TO THAT OF A TRANSISTOR, BUT USING AN ELECTROMAGNETIC SOLENOID RATHER THAN SEMICONDUCTOR TO PERFORM THE SWITCHING. IN MANY VEHICLES THE SOLENOID ALSO ENGAGES THE STARTER PINION WITH THE RING GEAR OF THE ENGINE. Starter Motor Solenoid,Starter Solenoid,Start Solenoid,Car Starter Solenoid Ningbo zhongwang auto fittings co.,ltd , https://www.zowoparts.com
At the European Research Center for Particle Physics at the French-Swiss border, the world's largest and most energetic particle accelerator is being built in a tunnel about 110 meters underground and extending over 27 kilometers. The accelerator can reach energy levels that exceed the range of previous test levels. To achieve this, the Large Hadron Collider should be operated by a superconducting magnet that must be cooled with liquid helium to a temperature of about 2K (ie, -271 ° C, near absolute temperature zero).
At such extremely low temperatures, pipes, valves and fittings must be made of special low temperature resistant materials. The superconducting system of such a large scale has never been built before, and the coolant supply system has in turn become one of the biggest challenges of the Large Hadron Collider project.
Extreme requirements for mechanical and electrical systems
Throughout the length of the accumulator circuit, the flow distribution in the liquid helium circuit is regulated by a control system that uses a dedicated cryogenic valve (for example, a valve specially developed for low temperature applications). These cryogenic valves must be highly insulated so that they do not freeze when subjected to extreme temperature gradients. The cryogenic valve is operated with a pneumatic actuator and the position of the actuator is regulated by an electric valve positioner from the Sipart PS2 series.
Due to the synchrotron radiation caused by the deflection effect and the collision of the accelerating particles in the vacuum tube, the radiation load near the accumulator loop is very high, making it impossible to use highly integrated electronics in this area. High energy radiation quantum can cause damage to the fine structures in the accumulator components and microprocessor components. For this reason, the “separate†Sipart PS2 intelligent valve positioner must be developed, and the highly integrated electronics in all valve positioners will be installed in a tunnel-specific radiation protection section (alcove) at a distance from the accumulator circuit. in. The valve positioner pneumatic output section and large radiation-resistant position measuring components in the original chassis will be installed in accordance with the usual pneumatic actuators.
In order to ensure trouble-free transmission of signals from the alcove to the field device, a simulation test must be carried out, which is carried out under laboratory conditions and uses cable drums weighing several tons (for example, cables placed later in the tunnel) ). The maximum distance between the processor panel and the on-site valve positioner in the loop is approximately one kilometer.
The Sipart PS2 Smart Electrical Valve Positioner is equipped with a specially developed module that is equipped with an interference suppression component for remote transmission (to the main panel) in a linear range, which ensures the transmission and positioning of the pneumatic output stage positioning commands. Numerical feedback. The valve positioner is connected to the main control system via the Profibus PA standard bus.
a detector as large as an office building
Unlike most detectors used in routine analysis, the Large Hadron Collider's detector consists of millions of parts and weighs thousands of tons. For example, the ATLAS detector is 22 meters high and is as tall as a five-story office building. The individual components of the detector must be connected with an accuracy of one hundredth of a millimeter. In order to detect any misalignment or offset that may occur in the future, an optical inspection device is installed on all important components. In the innermost area of ​​the detector, there are 10 billion transistors.
Accuracy and sensitivity play an important role in all measurements – in the design of the detector, and in the design of the large superconducting magnet set inside the ATLAS detector, where the polarity and pulse of the charged particles will be determined. Where other superconducting magnets are also used in the Large Hadron Collider circuit, the 130-stage Sipart valve positioner is also used to accurately maintain the flow rate of the coolant at the flow rate specified by the control system.
Although only a small part of it - but still make a contribution in a huge project like the Large Hadron Collider, most of the individual products and services play a very small role. But every component in this huge accelerator must work perfectly to successfully complete the task of finding the Higgs boson and take a big step toward validating the standard model of particle physics. The Sipart valve positioner will contribute to this.
Intelligent electric valve positioner in the world's largest particle accelerator
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is a representative of a new generation of accelerators. In order to achieve the required force field, the magnets in the accelerator must be cooled with liquid helium. The Large Hadron Collider is equipped with a total of 1,382 cryogenic valves controlled by the Sipart PS2 dedicated valve positioner, which will distribute the chilled liquid to the individual magnets of the Large Hadron Collider accumulator circuit. In the entire loop.