【Technical】 Current Status and Analysis of Synergistic Control Technology for Flue Gas "Ultra Low Emissions" in Thermal Power Plants (D)

4, give full play to bag (including electric bag) dust collector in the "ultra-low emissions" synergies

Bag-type (including electric bag) dust collector rely on the filter bag and the surface of the dust layer to capture dust, so the thicker layer of dust accumulation, the higher dust removal efficiency, or even close to zero emissions, but the resistance increased. It is not sensitive to the requirements of coal, coal can adapt to changing conditions, nor because of boiler load changes affect the collection efficiency (tracking properly adjusted). By proper adjustment, it is easy to remove PM2.5 efficiently and to achieve emission concentrations below 5 to 10 mg / m3. In addition, its capture effect on mercury is also higher than the electrostatic precipitator, is the ideal low-emission dust collector.

* Following the ESP and baghouse dust removal, PM2.5 removal and mercury removal for comparative analysis.

1) The total dust removal efficiency of the bag filter is over 99.9%, and the removal rate of PM2.5 is higher than 99.30%, which is higher than the dust removal efficiency of 98.89% and the removal rate of PM2.5 of 99.16% respectively. ESP total mercury removal rate of about 42% ~ 60.46%, bag filter is about 56.39% ~ 72.55%, bag filter to remove fine dust, mercury removal rate is also higher than the electrostatic precipitator.

2) electrostatic precipitator and bag filter investment and operation and maintenance costs are generally the same. In order to discharge concentration, PM2.5 and mercury standards discharge, according to the coal species and change carefully selected, has exceeded the discharge of electrostatic precipitator, may consider the switch to bag filter.

3) One of the most troubling questions ever asked is how to deal with a large number of damaged and aged bags. At present, the recycling technology of used filter bags of several kinds of high temperature resistant fibers, including PPS and PTFE, has matured. Collection and transportation and comprehensive utilization systems are being established. Several chain companies have been set up nationwide to specialize in the recycling of used filter bags Use, the basic who can do who recycling production.

5, with bag (including electricity - bag) dust collector ultra-low emissions of collaborative control technology route

From the comparative analysis of the application of the above two types of precipitators, it can be seen in the dust removal efficiency, capture PM10, PM2.5 and mercury, bag filter than conventional electrostatic precipitator, you can consider the following collaborative control technology route:

Low nitrogen burner - SCR - Bag (including electric - bag) precipitator - wet desulfurization

Bag filter to adapt to a variety of flue gas conditions, filter bag material can have a variety of options. According to the optional flue gas parameters in addition to the use of conventional PPS, but also choose PPS + PTFE for the fabric, microfibrous surface of the felted felt filter media, and composite filter media (such as 50% PTFE + PPS), but also optional Fumo PTFE filter, Fumo glass fiber and Other newly developed filter media, such as island fiber filter. In the desulfurization tower smoke speed of 3.2m / s ~ 3 & 5m / s, demister discharge droplets below 20mg / m3 case (using tube +2 roof three layers demister), the same super The purpose of low emissions, when the sulfur content of coal-fired desulfurization tower can increase the spray layer, or tray.

Economically cost-effective, investment and operation and maintenance are about 40% lower than the ultra-low emission system with ESP as the core. When the need for higher mercury removal requirements, consider adding an active coke trap, so that you can also capture SO3. In order to protect the SCR catalyst to extend the service life and denitrification effect, the bag filter can also be installed in front of the SCR before the cryogenic catalyst fails to be practical. Although the investment is more expensive but less expensive It will be economically more economical to replace the catalyst in two years. A new bag-type dedusting technology, the use of PTFE membrane coated with a catalyst bag, in addition to capture more fine particles, heavy metals, but also can remove dioxins, furans and acid gases.

Proposed to add MGGH, it only played down to the smoke temperature, less use of filter bags and extend the life of the role, but increase investment, but also not energy saving, fouling may also fouling, no need to use. In summary, the use of bag filter can replace other control equipment, to achieve the purpose of ultra-low emissions.

6. Strengthen the bag filter in the ultra-low emissions in the important measures

In order to make baghouse play a greater role in collaborative control, the following measures can be taken.

1) In order to adapt to the fluctuation of working conditions due to the change of coal type, the filtering speed of bag filter should be 0.7-0.8m / min. This can expand the capture range, control the particle size under different resistance emission concentration in the range of 5mg / m3-10mg / m3 regulation. At the same time, the lower filter speed has better capture of the role of fine dust, but also help to extend the life of the filter bag. Filter bags should be hot melt bonding process, or folding sewing, or seam XW glue to prevent the tiny dust escape from the pinhole. Should also ensure that the flower plate and filter bag in close cooperation to prevent leakage.

2) At present, most of the diameter of the filter bag frame is ψ6omm, and there are 16 vertical bars. When the filter bag is retracted and collided with the vertical bar, the bag deflects excessively. In order to reduce the wave-like vibration of the filter material, the vertical reinforcement should be increased to more than 20, which can prolong the service life of the filter bag and can also reduce the leakage of fine powder when the filter bag is retracted and collides with the frame after being sprayed. Therefore, more vertical reinforcement, appropriate to reduce the filtration wind speed (0.7-0.8m / min) and the hot melt bonding process filter bag, is to reduce particulate emission concentration and capture PM10, PM2.5 more effective measures.

3) When the combustion ash is very high, it is also possible to pre-collect about 30-40% of the dust by physical and mechanical ash removal device that adds gravity and inertia before the filter bag so that dust can be collected by the back filter bag to achieve better effect .

4) Can also choose the current introduction of new technologies, pleated (or star) filter bag, the filter bag than the original design to increase the filter area of ​​50-150%, reduce the injection expansion of strong and back keel impact (due to the elimination of lateral support Ring, keel increased vertical support area to reduce the contact point), the same air ratio greatly extended when the injection interval, low operating pressure and reduce the number of filter bags. Therefore, to extend the life of the filter bag to reduce energy consumption. And can replace the use of the original structure, ESP remodeling does not need to increase the space. Is a bag filter to join ultra-low emissions competition powerful new technology.

5) When the denitrification device is installed, it can reduce the life of the filter bag when it is running. When the sulfur content is low, this kind of filter can be considered.

In short, bag filter is one of the efficient dust collector, filter bag life of up to 4 to 5 years or more, there have been many cases. Abandoned filter bags have been recycled. Bag filter technology will play an important role in the synergistic control of ultra-low emission systems for the simultaneous removal of NOx, SO2, SO3, dust and PM2.5, mercury.

7. Summary

1) The goal of achieving ultra-low emissions of flue gas pollutants from coal-fired power plants can be achieved by increasing the investment and operating costs, and by expanding the capacity for synergetic control of various equipment, optimizing and adding new equipment, while at the same time significantly increasing the internal and External environmental costs and

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