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How to protect the data center in summer
In addition to the heat test in summer, the data center in the summer has to withstand frequent lightning strikes. At this time, the lightning strikes on network equipment will be wavering, causing damage to individual network equipment. As a result, the entire LAN is suddenly paralyzed.
Many data center managers believe that daily lightning strike voltages cannot damage equipment, but what we need to know is that even if the induced voltage caused by lightning strikes is not enough to damage the network equipment once, it will cause network equipment after years of overvoltage shock. The aging of parts makes the life of network equipment drop sharply, while the old equipment is more vulnerable to damage, which seriously affects the stability of the network. Between these disasters brought to the data center, today we have a detailed analysis and discussion of lightning protection in the data center.
The basic cause of lightning disaster
First, the terrain is complex, and the hilly area is prone to convective weather uplift;
Second, the climate is characterized by humidity, which causes the thunderstorm to easily absorb air and direct convection discharge;
Third, there are more and more high-rise buildings. At the same time, there is an inseparable relationship between increased lightning and global warming.
Ways of lightning invading data centers
1. Direct lightning strikes are lightning strikes directly on the building, causing electrical, thermal and mechanical forces that cause damage to the building. After the building is subjected to direct lightning strike, the powerful lightning current flows along the grounding down conductor. After the grounding body enters the ground, the ground potential will rise instantaneously, resulting in a high potential, causing the ground potential to counterattack, damage the equipment or cause casualties.
Second, lightning induction is the occurrence of electrostatic induction and electromagnetic induction on nearby conductors during lightning discharge, which can cause sparks between metal parts. Lightning induction can come from mine strikes or from cloud-to-cloud discharges. The lightning surge is relatively close to the lightning strike point, and the induced surge voltage is large, and the radius of action is also large. Generally, the electronic information equipment in the range of 500 meters is It destroys the object; although the induced surge voltage of the discharge in the cloud is small, the probability of occurrence is high. The electrostatic induction is due to the action of the thundercloud pilot, which induces a charge opposite to the pilot channel symbol on the nearby conductor. When the thundercloud is main discharge, the charge in the pilot channel is quickly neutralized, and the induced charge on the conductor is released. A high potential is generated when it is discharged into the ground. Electromagnetic induction is a strong electromagnetic field that generates transients in its surrounding space due to rapid changes in current, resulting in a high electromotive force in the nearby conductor.
3. The intrusion of lightning waves is due to the effect of lightning on overhead lines or metal pipes. Lightning waves may invade the room along these lines, endangering personal safety and damaging equipment. According to lightning electromagnetic pulse protection theory and practical experience, the main cause of damage to electronic information equipment is caused by lightning induced surge voltage. It can introduce inductive surge voltage waves into the interior of electronic information devices through various leads, destroying its chips and interfaces.
The data center pays great attention to the continuity of power supply. Therefore, the lightning protection work cannot be ignored. The network equipment with better performance has its own lightning protection function. On the line where the power comes in, it is used to absorb high voltage surge. Line design. Although the product has the function of lightning protection, the induced voltage generated by lightning has several thousand volts or tens of thousands of volts or even higher. No matter which brand of router, the lightning protection function of the router itself can only solve a part of lightning. The hazards caused, and to further reduce the damage caused by lightning, it is necessary to equip with appropriate lightning protection equipment.
Lightning protection measures for lightning protection buildings
1. An independent lightning rod or overhead lightning protection line shall be installed. It is a protected building and hood, and the objects protruding from the roof such as the discharge tube are all within the protection range of the lightning receptor.
Second, the discharge of explosive gas, steam or dust release pipe, the following space outside the nozzle of the breathing valve and exhaust pipe should be within the protection range of the lightning receptor.
3. The tower of the independent lightning rod, the end of the overhead lightning protection line and the pillars of the overhead lightning protection net shall be provided with at least one down conductor. For the use of metal or welding, tie the poles and pillars that connect the steel bars to use them as the lower leads.
4. Independent lightning rods, and the grounding lightning protection line should be equipped with independent grounding devices. The impact grounding resistance of each down conductor should not exceed 10Ω. In areas with high soil resistivity, the impact grounding resistance can be appropriately increased.
5. When the trees are higher than the building and are not within the protection range of the lightning receptor, the clear distance between the trees and the building should not be less than 5cm.