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Effect on soil organic matter. The main function of wheat straw returning to fertility is to increase the content of organic matter in the soil. Wheat stalks are rich in carbon-rich substances such as cellulose and lignin. When they are returned to the field, they are conducive to the regeneration of soil humus, maintain the balance of soil organic matter, and can improve the long-term use of inorganic fertilizer to increase soil compaction and achieve fertility. . The impact of wheat stalk return on soil fertility is mainly due to stalks of stalks, which are decomposed into many organic substances and mineral elements, increase soil organic matter content, and improve soil physical properties; in addition, organic matter is subject to flooding and lack of oxygen. The decomposition is slower and the degree of humification is higher, so the fertilizer effect is longer and the loss is less.
Effect on soil nitrogen. The mixed application of wheat straw and nitrogen fertilizer can increase the nitrogen absorption rate of wheat straw, reduce the loss of nitrogen fertilizer, show the characteristics of stable and long-term nitrogen supply, and have high yield-increasing benefits. During the initial period of returning wheat straw, straw contains soluble substances and other easily decomposable substances, which stimulate the vigorous activity of microorganisms, resulting in the reduction of soil inorganic nitrogen levels to a very low extent. After a period of time, decomposition of wheat straw reduces the ratio of wheat straw carbon and nitrogen, and the soil inorganic Net release of nitrogen from a net fixed shift increases soil nitrogen content.
Effect on soil phosphorus. Straw returning can increase the content of total phosphorus, inorganic phosphorus and available phosphorus in soil; the content of total phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus in all grades of microaggregates is also significantly increased, and the mineralization of organic phosphorus is promoted.
Effect on soil potassium. Wheat stalk contains more potassium. Unlike nitrogen and phosphorus, potassium exists in the ionic state in the straw and is easily eluted. Soil organic matter, total nitrogen, and available potassium are all significantly increased, especially available potassium, which increases by an average of 8% per year. In the rice-wheat rotation, a large amount of straw is used. The total yield of the two crops is equivalent to that of the equivalent amount of fertilizer potassium. The total absorption and utilization are not much different in the two seasons; the application of nitrogen in the season of straw potassium should be strengthened. About 80% of straw potassium and fertilizer potassium absorbed by crops are stored in straw, and only about 10% is taken away by grains, and another 5% is rooted.
Although it is more troublesome to return stalks, it is known through the soil tester that the effect of stalk return on the increase of various elements in the soil is much faster than the use of chemical fertilizers. Therefore, proper application of fertilization can be carried out. The combination of some organic and inorganic combinations.
Effect of Straw Returning on Soil Organic Matter, Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium
The impact of straw returning on soil organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. In China's rice-wheat cropping area, straw stalks are the most difficult to use. Due to the low price of wheat straw and the tight harvesting season, wheat stalks that are used as paddy-wheat rotation are also returned to paddy fields. Soil preparation and rice transplanting bring a lot of difficulties. Therefore, in order to save time, all the straw is burned directly with a torch, but this process not only wastes resources but also pollutes the environment. The use of straw to return this method is extremely beneficial, and the use of soil NPK indicator to detect nutrient changes in the soil after returning straw to the following conclusions.