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Arduino Micro: Pinout, Datasheet, Features, IDE and Simulation
Arduino Micro is equipped with a built-in USB port, making it ideal for interfacing with other computers without using any third-party processors. For instance, we can use Arduino Micro as a mouse or keyboard by plugging its USB Port into an external computer. Due to its versatility, it can be used in wearables, HID projects (human interface devices), IoT systems, and robotics. Let us start our detailed discussion about Arduino Micro, its pinout, datasheet, features, IDE, and simulation.
Download the Arduino Micro Datasheet
Inception of Arduino Micro (A000053):
Before the launching of Arduino Micro, in 2012, Arduino Leonardo was released in the Arduino ecosystem. Arduino Leonardo was the first board based on the ATmega32U4, which allows USB communication, meaning it can be used as a mouse, HID, and keyboard without any additional hardware. Although Leonardo offered new operating domain due to its USB functionality, because of its large size, we can’t use them in space-constrained projects. This resulted in the launching of a new small-sized, compact version of the Leonardo board named Arduino Micro.
In 2013, Arduino released the official version of the Arduino Micro in the Arduino ecosystem in New York, which is a compact, smaller form factor based on ATmega32U4 that includes native USB support. Their weight and dimensions are given:
Arduino Micro has multiple pins or multiple options for powering them, some are given there:
- 5V pins: this pin directly provides the power supply for 5V to the board but if the voltage increases it damages the board so it supports regulating the voltage of 5V.
- USB port: the microcontroller board is powered through the USB port directly and efficiently.
- RAW pin: the voltage that exceeds 12V accepted through the RAW pin.
- Vin pin: it supplies a voltage of 7 -12V for powering the board.
Due to their multiple power options or pins, it was ideal to use in many different USB projects or HID.
Other pins include:
- USB port: it provides serial communication via a USB interface.
- SPI: it supports the SPI communication through the SCK, MOSI, and MISO pins.
- PWM pins: digital I/O pins 3, 5, 6, 9, 10 or the pin 11 can be used to generate the input PWM signals and it used for controlling or dimming the LEDs.
- Serial communication: UART communication is supported by the RX and TX pins.
- I2C: SDA or SCL both of these pins are used for communicating with the devices such as displays and sensors.
Key aspects/ features of the Arduino Micro include:
- Compact size
- Power Flexibility
- Native USB support
- Open source
- Microcontroller
- Broad digital I/O capability
Technical specifications of Arduino Micro include:
- Microcontroller: ATmega32U4
- Digital I/O pins: 20 pins and 7 are supported with PWM
- Operating voltage: 5V
- Flash memory: 32 KB and 4 KB used for the bootloader
- USB port: Native USB support or mini USB interface
- Analog input pins: 12 pins with 10-bit resolution
- SRAM: 2.5 KB
- Input voltage: 7V - 12V
- Clock speed: 16 MHz
- EEPROM: 1 KB
- Protocols for communication: UART, USB, SPI, and I2C
Arduino IDE for programming the Arduino Micro includes steps like installing the IDE, connecting the board with the computer, choosing the board, and selecting the port. Example code for blinking LED is provided. Debugging tips include ensuring the board and port are selected correctly and using a serial monitor for debugging through the USB interface.
Simulation tools for Arduino Micro include Proteus design suite, Tinkercad, and Fritzing, each offering unique features for designing circuits, simulating components, and testing code before deployment.
Applications of Arduino Micro range from input devices and keyboards to automation systems, STEM projects, educational tools, environment monitoring systems, automotive applications, gesture-based controls, and security access control systems.